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THE PALM GROVES

The palm groves are located near cities, they have many hydraulic structures, dams absorption, underground tunnel, wells, streams or artificial channels (seguia). These oases are becoming real towns of summer. More and more houses have been built to benefit from the relative freshness provided the shade of palm trees and water in the hot season.

 

The palm of Mzab is more than a pleasure garden, it is the result of hard work, and formerly Mozabites possessed no fixed habitation in the oasis. We met there a few watchtowers or watchmen, armed, stood guard to prevent the population in case of danger and make it flow back to the ksours. then it came to build simple zraib (mud huts) covered with branches and then made houses of mud and (therefore circa 1880), Mozabites, houses were built similar to the city.

Divided into garden plots, they are located near each Ksar, but on some ksar they spread longitudinally to fill long distances. The oases are an integrated architectural and urban planning. The gates are narrow, as being limited by the garden walls, built of clay, they are used to channel water from wadis flowing periodically in Mzab. At the base of the walls, the openings are drilled rigorously standardized and managed by a group of Amines responsible for the supervision of the irrigation of the palm.

 

 

THE HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES :

The system of water sharing in Mzab is based on the principle of equitable and maximum utilization of rainwater and its fair distribution across the palm. In addition to system, there are towers and spaces that allow continuous monitoring of floods in order to ensure proper distribution of water and avoid any damage that may be caused. These facilities are critical in creating the palm of Mzab. They continue to assume the same role in their preservation. This is why in large part, this irrigation system has been subject to periodic restorations.

THE TRADITIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF WATER FLOODS:

M'Zab Valley is arid and desert site where the water is of great rarity, this has forced the founders of Ksourian Mzab civilization to undertake the implementation of a hydraulic structure, and they created a very effective system to capture flood waters that supplies wells and groundwater by water reserves for the taming of the M’zab Wadi flood.

It features a sound management system of high precision and extreme rationality.
This system consists of several dams of water, wells and water sensors canal streets and underground channels that direct water to the palm.

The path distribution in channels is up to a distance of three to four kilometers from the source, this ancestral masterpiece is still functional .

This complex hydraulic system from the 14th century consisting of, dikes, canals, seguia, tissanbad, rasfates, wells etc. has been managed since its inception by a committee of wise experts, called "Oumana".

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